Two-Crew Type Rating

IATRA practice exams and study notes

The written exam for a two-crew aeroplane type rating, or one restricted to cruise relief pilot duties, for pilots who have not completed the ATPL written exams.

6 chapters · 6 mock exams in the IATRA format · 60 exam charts · 2 diagrams

Instruments and Avionics Systems is part of the IATRA course. Already unlocked IATRA? Sign in to open it. See what it covers

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  • 6 chapters of study notesEach ends with a quiz: 90 questions, every answer explained
  • 6 mock exams in the IATRA format50 questions · 2 h each
  • 60 exam charts and tablesEvery chart, plate and table the practice questions use
  • 2 interactive diagramsInside the chapters
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Chapters

Tap a chapter to see what it covers

  1. Locked: Chapter 1: Advanced Air Law90 min · 9 sections · 15-question quiz

    Air Operator Certificates, ATPL crew licensing, flight duty periods, SMS, international air law (ICAO), dangerous goods, and commander's authority.

    • CARs Part VII — AOC (Subparts 702–705)
    • ATPL licensing requirements (CARs 421)
    • Flight Duty Period and rest (CARs 700.14)
    • Safety Management Systems (SMS)
    • Chicago Convention and ICAO Annexes
    • Dangerous goods (9 classes, TP 14145)
    • Commander's emergency authority (CARs 602.02)
    • Noise abatement (NADP1/NADP2)

    Ends with a 15-question quiz; the pass mark is 70%.

  2. Locked: Chapter 2: Advanced Aeronautics90 min · 9 sections · 15-question quiz

    Turbine engines, high-altitude aerodynamics, pressurization, hydraulics, anti-icing, and transport-category V-speeds.

    • Turbofan/turboprop principles
    • Compressor stall and surge
    • High-altitude aerodynamics (coffin corner, Mach tuck)
    • Pressurization and TUC values
    • Hydraulic systems (primary/alternate/standby)
    • Anti-icing and de-icing systems
    • Transport-category V-speeds (V1, Vr, V2, VMO, MMO)
    • Oxygen requirements (CARs 605.31)

    Ends with a 15-question quiz; the pass mark is 70%.

  3. Locked: Chapter 3: Advanced Meteorology80 min · 9 sections · 15-question quiz

    Jet streams, clear air turbulence, upper-level charts, SLD icing, microburst, volcanic ash, and SIGMET criteria.

    • Jet streams (polar/subtropical, altitude, tropopause break)
    • Clear air turbulence (CAT) — location and avoidance
    • Upper-level chart interpretation (500/300 hPa)
    • Supercooled large droplets (SLD icing)
    • Microburst (diameter, duration, escape manoeuvre)
    • SIGMET issuance criteria (turbulence, icing, volcanic ash)
    • Mountain wave and rotor zones
    • Tropical weather and ITCZ avoidance

    Ends with a 15-question quiz; the pass mark is 70%.

  4. Locked: Chapter 4: Advanced Navigation90 min · 8 sections · 15-question quiz

    PBN/RNP/RNAV, ETOPS/EDTO, oceanic procedures, GPS/GNSS, polar navigation, and FMS operations.

    • Performance-Based Navigation (PBN) NavSpecs
    • RNP AR APCH (RF legs, authorization)
    • RNAV approach types (LNAV, LNAV/VNAV, LPV)
    • ETOPS/EDTO — Adequate vs Suitable airports
    • NAT HLA oceanic procedures (MNPS, CPDLC, ADS-C)
    • GPS RAIM and GNSS integrity
    • Polar navigation (grid nav, 78°N limit)
    • INS/IRS alignment and drift rate

    Ends with a 15-question quiz; the pass mark is 70%.

  5. Locked: Chapter 5: Instruments and Avionics Systems85 min · 8 sections · 15-question quiz

    EFIS, FMS, autoflight, EGPWS/TAWS, TCAS II, Category II/III ILS, HUD, and air data systems.

    • EFIS/PFD symbology and reversionary modes
    • FMS — AIRAC cycles, LNAV/VNAV, performance pages
    • Autoflight modes and automation awareness
    • EGPWS Modes 1–7 and terrain awareness (TAD)
    • TCAS II — RA types and response priority
    • Category II/III ILS minimums and autoland
    • HUD and EFVS operations
    • Unreliable airspeed procedures

    Ends with a 15-question quiz; the pass mark is 70%.

  6. Locked: Chapter 6: IFR Operations85 min · 8 sections · 15-question quiz

    RVSM, MEL/CDL, CRM/TEM/SMS, ground deicing, dispatch, performance planning, CPDLC, and ADS-B.

    • RVSM operations (FL290–FL410, CARs 602.34)
    • MEL/CDL rectification intervals (A/B/C/D)
    • CRM and TEM (threat and error management)
    • SMS safety performance indicators
    • Ground deicing and clean aircraft concept
    • Dispatch and flight release (CARs 705.53)
    • Transport-category performance (net flight path)
    • CPDLC and ADS-B Out (CARs 605.41)

    Ends with a 15-question quiz; the pass mark is 70%.

The exam

IATRA · 50 questions · 2 hours

Pass mark: 70%.

Transport Canada, TP 13524 (Third Edition, August 2006; revised October 2014)

How the IATRA works

Common questions

Is it a subscription?
No. IATRA is a one-time payment of $99 CAD, by card through Stripe. Nothing renews and you are not charged again.
What do the 3 months cover?
Every chapter, chapter quiz and IATRA mock exam in the IATRA course, with its charts and diagrams, for 3 months from the day you pay. When they end the course locks again, and you can buy another 3 months if you need them.
What if I don't pass?
If you write the IATRA and do not pass, we give you 3 more months of IATRA, free, once per purchase. Write the exam while your access is active or within 30 days after it ends, and email us from your account’s address within 30 days of writing it. Otherwise all sales are final, unless you were charged twice or by mistake, or the law requires a refund. Refunds and the pass guarantee
Which devices does it work on?
Any phone, tablet or computer with an up-to-date web browser; there is no app to install. Your reading place, quiz scores and unfinished mock exams are saved to your account, so you can switch devices.
How current is it?
The study content was last updated on 3 October 2026. The IATRA format on this page was checked against Transport Canada's TP 13524 (Third Edition, August 2006; revised October 2014) on 19 September 2026. Every answer is explained and names its source: the CARs section, TC AIM paragraph or TP study guide it relies on.
Is this a ground school?
No. TC Exam Prep is study notes and practice for the IATRA. It does not replace the training your flight school or instructor gives you.